Use Dual Coding to Learn Twice As Effectively
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When you master and use a learning method , you make it easier for your brain to synthesize new information. Great. Now think how much more you could absorb and remember if you doubled the number of methods you used. You could learn twice as much. It’s possible , but it requires advance planning and patience. This is called “dual coding” and is a popular learning technique proven to improve retention.
Study twice as hard
Dual coding theory was first formulated by Professor Allan Paivio in 1971. He hypothesized that the mind can process new information verbally and visually, either separately or simultaneously. If you process both simultaneously, the mind will process more information. This isn’t exactly revolutionary, although it does raise the question of whether you’re overloaded with information and retaining less . Don’t worry: since Paivio formulated this theory, numerous studies have been conducted; researchers have found that recall of information does indeed improve when using both processing methods simultaneously. You just have to be strategic.
How to use dual code while studying
It all sounds very scientific and theoretical, but dual coding is quite easy to implement in practice. All you need to do is combine verbal and visual materials during study. Try these approaches:
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While listening to a recorded lecture, draw sketches that reflect what you hear. You can also create a podcast based on your study materials using a program like Google NotebookLM and draw while listening. Alternatively, try creating a “personal podcast” by recording yourself reading your notes or materials and then playing back the recording. You learn once while taking notes, twice while editing the text, a third time while speaking it out loud, and a third time while listening— and even more thoroughly if you draw sketches of what you hear.
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After reading a section or chapter of a book , draw a mind map describing what you just read (or use a mind mapping technique for note-taking in class). There are apps that can help you with this. NotebookLM can create a mind map, but it doesn’t allow you to participate in the process, so it’s not ideal. Try Xmind .
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As you read your notes or a book, make a timeline of the relevant events on a separate sheet of paper.
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Create flashcards with images. Many of the best flashcard-making apps offer paid upgrades that let you add images, charts, infographics, timelines, diagrams, and more to your learning materials. By combining the time-tested Leitner method with text and images, you go beyond dual coding.
The best visual aids are timelines, mind maps, diagrams, and pictures, so use what works for you and the subject matter. One way to improve the effectiveness of dual coding is to use the “talk-out” (or “talk-out”) method , where you read the material as usual and then write down or say out loud everything you can remember without looking. Try using visuals instead of written explanations, creating a timeline or diagram from memory before checking your recollection against notes or text. Just remember to leave gaps in the visuals so you can easily fill in anything you forgot during the “talk-out.”