Use a Glass Pane Test to See If the Dough Is Kneaded Correctly
If you don’t knead the bread dough enough, it won’t have an airy and light texture. The kneaded dough makes bread that breaks your teeth. You don’t want to either, so the window glass test is a good indicator of whether your dough is ready to become warm and tasty bread.
Cut a piece of dough about the size of a golf ball. Line out the dough by holding it with your thumbs and two fingers, and gently lay out the dough. When properly kneaded, the dough should stretch without tears or breaks into a thin transparent film. Kitchn also has pictures of how this should look. Congratulations, your dough passed the window glass test!
If not, then you probably need to knead a little more. This also works with pizza dough. Note that this test is most effective for doughs made with high protein flours and finer flours. Whole grain flours and other flours with coarser flours generally fail the window glass test.
What is Windowpane Test? | Make bread